The brutal war launched by Israel on the Gaza Strip in in response to the Hamas attack of 7 October 2023, or Operations Swords of Iron to give it its official name, was a major landmark in the blood-soaked history of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.This was the eighth Israeli military offensive in Gaza since Operation Cast Lead of December 2008.It was also the most savage, destructive, and lethal attack with a death toll that exceeded by far the combined total of the previous seven offensives.In this book Avi Shlaim places Israel’s policy towards the Gaza Strip under an uncompromising lens.He argues that these recurrent attacks – what Israeli generals chillingly call “mowing the lawn” – are the inevitable result of Zionist settler colonialism whose basic objective is the elimination of the native population.