The Nuclear Scholars Initiative is a signature program run by the Project on Nuclear Issues (PONI) at the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS)—to engage emerging nuclear experts in thoughtful and informed debate over how to best address the nuclear community’s most pressing problems.The papers included in this volume comprise research from participants in the 2020 Nuclear Scholars Initiative.These papers explore a variety of topics such as the future of arms-control treaties, the role of artificial intelligence and cyber resilience in nuclear security, and the role of regional dynamics in nuclear security.