IN THE BEGINNING WAS THE BIT... The universe is made of bits of information and it has been known for more than a century that every piece of the the universe - every electron, atom and molecule - registers these bits and that information.It is only in the last years, however, with the discovery and development of quantum computers, that scientists have gained a fundamental understanding of just how that information is registered and processed. Building on recent breakthroughs in quantum computation, Seth Lloyd shows how the universe itself is a giant computer.Every atom and elementary particle stores these bits, and every collision between those atoms and particles flips the bits into a new arrangement and effortlessly spins out beautiful and complex systems, including galaxies, planets and life itself. But every computer needs a program, the set of instructions that tell it what patterns to create.Where did the bits come from that tell the universe to create its magnificent complexity?Who - or what - is programming the universe?