Building on mathematical structures familiar from quantum mechanics, this book provides an introduction to quantization in a broad context before developing a framework for quantum geometry in Matrix Theory and string theory.Taking a physics-oriented approach to quantum geometry, this framework helps explain the physics of Yang–Mills-type matrix models, leading to a quantum theory of space-time and matter.This novel framework is then applied to Matrix Theory, which is defined through distinguished maximally supersymmetric matrix models related to string theory.A mechanism for gravity is discussed in depth, which emerges as a quantum effect on quantum space-time within Matrix Theory.Using explicit examples and exercises, readers will develop a physical intuition for the mathematical concepts and mechanisms.It will benefit advanced students and researchers in theoretical and mathematical physics, and is a useful resource for physicists and mathematicians interested in the geometrical aspects of quantization in a broader context.