The book unravels the complexity of Pakistan’s physical terrain, from the Arabian Sea coast to the Himalayan heights, focusing on its bio-climatic environment.While throwing light on the evolution of societal organisation and the nature and intensity of economic enterprises, it discusses the human response to the natural milieu and the way natural resources have been harnessed. This volume discusses the distribution of natural resources and deciphers the evolutionary development of manufacturing, transport and trade, the main non-agricultural enterprises, and looks at the potential for their growth.It provides an overview of the country`s economy and its fluctuations through different political regimes.It also investigates the country’s diverse social, linguistic, and ethnic composition.A habitat study, incorporating villages and towns and their numerical and spatial distribution and also the hierarchical organisation of rural society have received a special focus in the book. The book, with its qualitative and quantitative information, will be useful to students, teachers and researchers studying physical geology, climatology, hydrology, soil science, environmental studies, archaeology, sociology, economics, demography, area studies and regional development studies.It will also be an indispensable companion to professionals in floral-landscaping, habitat study, administrators, and policymakers.