Ethical approaches to war require that we don’t value only the lives of ‘our’ people, as Realism asserts; that we don’t enforce our sense of justice with weapons, as Militarism demands our ‘moral warriors’ do; that force is used only in self-defence, based on the principles of Just War Theory.However, can there be purely defensive or moral wars?This book offers unique insights into twenty-first century warfare through three approaches – Realism, Militarism, and Just war Theory – in the context of ‘precision’ weapons, celebrated for minimising risks to soldiers and civilians.The author questions whether the rapidly developing technology of lethal autonomous weapons is actually expanding an existing legal-ethical issue: the problem of civilian harm.Laws permits acts that cause incidental civilian harm; AI warfare puts the law’s accountability gap into sharper relief, highlighting the need for new accountability mechanisms that reflect a sense of legal and moral justice.